Rif War
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History
Interview: Sebastian Balfour on the Rif War’s Silenced Chemical Attacks
This interview has been edited for clarity and length. British historian Sebastian Balfour, Professor Emeritus of Contemporary Spanish Studies at…
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History
Asphyxiation: When Spain Burned Civilians with Chemical Weapons
Between 1921 and 1927, Spanish forces turned the skies over Morocco’s Rif region into a chemical hell, raining lethal poisonous…
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